Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae and certain bacteria use the energy from light to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of the plant cell and is essential for plant growth and survival. During photosynthesis, light energy is absorbed by photosynthetic pigments in the chloroplast and used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen. The oxygen is then released into the atmosphere while the glucose is used by the plant as a source of energy. Photosynthesis is the most important process on Earth, as it provides the energy that powers all living things.